« Pesticide »: uburyo bwo kurwiza umwimbu canke uburozi mw’isahani?

Mu gihe abarimyi baguma barondera kugwiza umwimbu, ntibatangwa no gukoresha imiti mvaruganda mu gufumbira canke mu gupompa ibiterwa vyabo (pesticide). Ariko naho biri ukwo, iyo miti ikoreshwa mu burimyi canke mu bitungwa abahinga bavuga ko harimwo iyigira ingaruka mbi ku magara y’abantu, ku bikoko, ku bidukikije…

Mu Burundi ibice birenga 90% vy’abantu bahaba ni abarimyi. Aba na bo batera biyongera, ibisagara bitera vyaguka, isi ndimwa itera iba nto gutyo n’abantu bakarima hato umwimbu ugaca ugabanuka. Kubw’ivyo abantu baca bikora ku buryo bwo gukoresha imiti mvaruganda mu gufumbira canke mu gupompa ibiterwa kugira barabe ko bashobora kwimbura vyinshi.

Ariko nubwo abarimyi bijukia kugura iyo imiti mvaruganda kandi izimvye, Marc Rwabahungu arongoye ishirahamwe Adisco (Appui de Dévéloppement Intégral et à la Solidarité sur les Collines), avuga ko iyo miti ari mibi cane ku magara y’abantu, ku bikoko no ku bidukikije mu gihe ikoreshejwe nabi. Rwabahungu ati: « Mu bihugu bimwebimwe barakuye kw’isoko imiti mvaruganda ikoreshwa mu burimyi kubera babonye ko ifise ingaruka mbi. Kandi no mu Burundi hariho iyo bakuye kw’isoko, naho hakiri abayikoresha batabizi, ku mvo z’uko urutonde rw’imiti mvaruganda itabereye rudashirwa ahabona. »

Pascal Ndayiragije umuhinga yigenga ati :« Ibice 80% vy’imiti mvaruganda ikoreshwa mu biterwa iri mu migwi y’imiti mibi cane. » Afatiye akarorero ku miti imwe imwe bapompa kw’itomate kugira zihishire canke ntizishaye avuga ko irya miti iheza ikinjira mu rutomate. Iyo umurimyi arufunguye canke akarugurisha, uwurufunguye afungurana n’iyo miti yarunyengetereyemwo iyo na yo ikaba ishobora kumugirira nabi muri kazoza kuko ibibi vyayo vyibonekeza gahorogahoro.

Uburyo bwo gupima imiti iri mu vyimburwa?

Pascal Ndayiragije avuga ko mu Burundi, urutonde rw’imiti mvaruganda yemewe ruriko rurakoreshwa muri iki gihe ari urwemejwe mu mwaka wa 2010-2011. Hari n’iyakuwe kw’isoko kubera ari mibi ariko abantu boba bakiyikoresha batabizi kuberako urwo rutonde rudakwiragizwa. Naho anavuga ko muri uwu mwaka wa 2021 hazoshirwa kandi ahabona urutonde rw’iyo miti yemejwe, kandi ko hariko haranakorwa isuzumwa ry’abayidandaza kuva hejuru gushika mu makomine. Uyo muhinga yigenga anavuga ko mu Burundi ata n’ubuhinga buhari bwo gushobora gupima ubwoko bw’ubumara bwoba buva muri iyo miti ija mu biterwa.

Marc Rwabahungu ati: « None uno munsi tugiye gufungura iki? Ivyimburwa birandura ntitubimenye. Hari abashakashatsi bavuga ko hari ingwara za kanseri zoba ziterwa no gufungura ibiterwa vyanyengeterewemwo n’imiti mvaruganda. Mbere anavuga kandi ko hari n’ubushakashatsi buvuga ko ingwara yitwa « Parkinson » yoba iterwa no gufungura ibifungurwa birimwo iyo miti mvaruganda kandi abantu bakaba babandanya bavyihereza batabizi. »

Ku bijanye no gupima ibifungurwa bija kw’isoko mpuzamakungu, Samson Musonerimana umuyobozi mu gisata co gushigikira ubushakashatsi muri Isabu, avuga ko ibanki y’isi yemeye guha BBN(Bureau Burundais de Normalisation), “laboratoire” yo muri Isabu, CNTA (Centre National de Technologie Alimentaire) ibikoresho bikenewe bikoreshwa mu gupima ubumara bw’imiti mvaruganda iba yaranyengetereye mu vyimburwa gutyo bazoshobore kuraba ko mu vyimbuwe bigomba gushorwa mu mahanga ata miti itera ingwara irimwo ko bikwije amategeko asabwa kugira bije kw’isoko mpuzamakungu.

Uburyo bwo kurima butonona

Bakanibona Théogene wo mu ntara ya Bubanza ari muri koperative y’abarimyi ndangamuco. Barima ibiterwa mbumbarugo. Uyu avuga ko muri koerative yabo basanzwe bakora uburimyi butonona kandi banapompa imirima yabo bakoresheje imiti kama. Uyu yahevye gukoreresha imiti n’ifumbire mvaruganda kuko yari amaze kubwirwa kenshi ko bifise ingaruka mbi naho umwimbu ugwira. kubera rero bama impande y’abakurambere barababwira ko iyo miti itaraza hari imiti bakoresha haba mu kuvura abantu canke mu kuvura ibiterwa.

Ku bwivyo baciye batangura gukoresha imiti kama nk’umubirizi bo bita uwa kongo, ntiruhunwa, ipiripiri ya bushara, amababi y’ipapayi, ivyo vyose rero biteranye babisekura bakabishira mu mazi ashushe ngo barashoboye gupompa imirima y’ibigori. Uwo murimyi akavuga ko uwo muti bakoze washoboye kuvura ku bice birenga 90%. Uretse kupompa ibigori, ngo basanze baba bariko baranabifumbirira kuko n’ibiterwa vyaciye bitagata mbere n’ivyatsi bitahora bihamera bica biramera neza.

Eka na Clémence Nibaruta w’i Bukirasizi mu ntara ya Gitega, aremeza ko uburimyi butonona bwa mufashije mu kugwiza umwimbu adahungabanije ibidukikije. Mbere mu gufumbira akoresha nyabarega. Mu gupompa, hampande y’iyo miti Bakanibona akoresha, uwu mupfasoni avuga ko banakoresha itabi, intobotobo na mukobwandagowe. Abo bose bakamenyesha ko ubuhinga bw’uburimyi butonona babwigiye muri Adisco. Libère Bukobero umunyamabanga mukuru muri Adisco avuga ko uburimyi butonona bukingira isi n’ibinyabuzima kandi bugatanga umwimbu udahumanye kuko haba hakoreshejwe imiti kama mu gupompa ibiterwa.

Marie Josée Bigendako umwigisha kuri kaminuza ya Lumière i Bujumbura akaba n’umushakashatsi akorana n’ikigo ca kaminuza y’Uburundi avuga ko imiti kama ibaho kandi ikora. Ku bijanye n’iyo miti abarimyi bakoresha, avuga ko bagiye kwiha ihangira ryo kw’isangira abo barimyi ku kivi, barabe iyo miti bakoresha, bige ibiyigize, hama bayihe amazina y’ubuhinga (nom scientifique) gutyo izoshobore gukoreshwa no ku rwego rw’igihugu ifise amazina yayo bwite.

Ivyo vyose bikaba ari vyavuzwe kuri uwu wa 04 Ruhuhuma 2021, mu nyubakwa zo kuri La Détente i Bujumbura mu gihe hariko haraba ikiganiro co guhanahana ivyiyumviro ku miti ikoreshwa mu burimyi mu ntumbero yo kuraba icokorwa gihuye no gukingira amagara y’abantu. Bikaba vyari vyatunganijwe na Adisco n’abo bikorana ifashwe mu mugongo na Oxfam.