Intambuko 8 k’uwipfuza kurima ibiharage kijambere

Igiterwa c’ibiharage kiri mu mugwi w’ibinyamukerera kirimwa mu ntara zose z’Uburundi. Ibiharage biharimwa biri mu bwoko 3: ibiharage bigufi bitagira imitwe, ibiharage bigufi bifise imitwe hamwe n’ibiharage biremberwa.

Mu gihe Umushikiranganji w’uburimyi, ubworozi n’ibidukikije, kuri uwu 6 Ruheshi 2021, yahamagariye abarimyi kwijukira kurima mu gihe c’ici kugira umwaka wose w’uburimyi umurimyi awukamishe, ikinyamakuru Jimbere cashimye kubayagira ku buhinga bwo gutera kijambere ibiharage.

Mu bisanzwe, mu Burundi, iyo imvura yaguye neza, intara kama za Buyenzi, Kirimiro, Bugesera, Moso na Buragane ni zo zimbuka cane ibiharage. Ariko kandi kugira haboneke umwimbu ushimishije umurimyi arakenera gutunganya neza ibijanye n’indimiro ziwe. Ngizi intambuko 8 zo kurima kijambere mu kugwiza umwimbu nk’uko zishirwa ahabona n’ikigo ISABU:

Ikirangaminsi c’uburimyi

Ku mpeshi, ni vyiza guteragira hagati y’itariki 15 za Ruhuhuma na 15 za Ntwarante kugira urushurwe ruzoze hari imvura ibayabaye hanyuma vyere imvura iriko iracika. Mw’irima ry’imyaba, igihe ciza co guteragira ni hagati y’itariki 15 z’ukwezi kwa Ruheshi n’itariki 15 z’ukwezi kwa Mukakaro. Bivanye n’ihindagurika ry’ibirere, iteragira ry’ibiharage ku gatasi ritangura n’igihe imvura itasuriye kandi isi yanywesheje.

Gutora umurima

Igiterwa c’ibiharage gikunda isi yashitse y’ikivivu ivanze n’umusenyi, isi yinjiye kandi irimwo amase akwiye. Ico giterwa ntigikunda isi ihanamye canke imyaba ijaga. Muri rusangi ahavuye ibinyantete umurimyi yoca akurikizako igiterwa c’ibiharage. Mu gihe c’ici na ho, ibiharage vyoteragirwa ahavuye igiterwa c’umuceri.

Gutegura umurima

Mu kurima barimbika isuka kugera kw’isemo iri hagati ya santimetero 20 na 25. Ni vyiza gukubita ibintonko, kuringaniza no gukangaza kugira imizi y’igiterwa izokworoherwe kandi bizokworohe mu kubagara no mu gushinga ibirembezo.

Guhitamwo no gutegura imbuto

Tora imbuto zirobanuye zitagira agatosi. Imbuto nziza zigurirwa ku mugwizambuto yemewe n’amategeko. Kugira ibiharage bigondore neza, imbere yo gutera imbuto barayivanga n’imiti yabigenewe ariyo Endosulfa, Benlate canke Thiram ku rugero rw’igarama 2 ku kiro c’imbuto. Ivyo bituma imbuto imera neza kandi ntibigware indwara y’uruyotsambuto n’urubozi zitera ibiharage bikigondora.

ISABU: «Haratowe ibiharage bigwiriyemwo ivyunyunyu birinda gufungura nabi»

Ifumbire

Ibiharage birimbuka neza iyo bironse ifumbire nyayo kandi ku rugero rukwiye. Ikoreshwa ry’ifumbire canecane y’ikizungu rituma isi itituka. Abafundi b’indimo bahimiriza gufumbira umurima w’ibiharage hakoreshejwe umwavu w’ikizungu uvanze n’umwavu w’ikirundi. Ku murima wa hegitari imwe w’ibiharage hakenewe ifumbire y’ikizungu ingana n’umufuko umwe w’ibiro 100 vya DAP uvanze n’umufuko umwe w’ibiro 50 vya KCI. Hambavu y’izo ngero z’ifumbire y’ikizungu barakoresha umwavu w’ikirundi ku rugero rwa tone 5-20 kuri hegitari bivanye n’ubutituke bw’isi ndimwa. Kw’isi ndimwa yatitutse bongerako ibiro 500 vy’ishwagara kuri buri hegitari.

Gutera ibiharage n’itandukanywa ry’amabango

Guteragira, bigirwa ku mirongo hakoreshejwe imbuto zirobanuye, zikomeye kandi zitagwaye. Mu guteragira umwavu w’ikirundi ni wo utangura ukawurenzako umwavu w’ikizungu, hanyuma akavu gakeyi, ukabona gushirako intete zibiri mw’ibango ugaca urenzako akavu ugafurira neza uringaniza umurima. Ibango ritegerezwa kugira n’imiburiburi santimetero 10 z’uburebure uja mu kuzimu kugira imbuto y’ibiharage iterwe hagati ya santimetero 3 na 5 uja mu kuzimu.

Ibiharage bitewe neza biba biteragiwe ku mirongo. Hagati y’ibango n’irindi hakaba santimetero 20, imirongo 2 ikaba itandukanijwe na santimetero 40 ku biharage bigufi n’abigufi vy’imitwe, canke santimetero 50 ku biharage vy’ibiremberwa. Ihegitari imwe iterwa n’imbuto zipima hagati y’ibiro 50 na 80, canke hagati y’ibiro 60 ni 100 ku biharage bigufi na bigufi vy’imitwe.

Gukorera neza umurima

Ivyatsi birabangamira umwimbu. Ni co gituma ibiharage vyobagarwa 2. Ibagara rya mbere riba mu gihe bigeze ku mababi 4. Ni ukuvuga hagati y’iminsi 15 na 20. Ibagara rya kabiri bigeze ku mikonyogo mu gihe harimwo ivyatsi vyinshi. Gufurira bituma igiterwa c’ibiharage kigira imizi myinshi, bikagabanya inkukura, bigatuma igiterwa kirinda ingwara y’agasazi canke y’uruyotsambuto.

Ibiremberwa birakenera indembezo kugira bikure kandi vyimbuke neza. Barembera ibiharage bitanguye kuzana imitwe, aho naho bagakoresha imigozi, ibiti, n’ibisigarira vy’ibiterwa bimwebimwe nk’ibori, amahonda, ibihoke n’imyumbati. Indembezo imwe ikora ku mabango 2 yegeranye. Ni ukuvuga ko ibiharage 4 bisangira indembezo imwe. Indembezo zibereye zitegerezwa kugira uburebure buri hagati ya metero 2 na 2,5. Umurima urembeye neza, ihegitari 1 iremberwa n’ibirembezo biri hagati ya 65.000 na 75.000.

Kwimbura hamwe no gushingura ibiharage

Kurandura bikorwa inyuma y’indwi 2, inyuma yaho amababi yose yamaze guhindura ibara (asa n’umuhondo), rikaba kandi igihe imihanyu iba yumye neza ibere yuko itangura gusadagurika. Imbuto zishingurwa mu bikoresho bishasha canke bisukuye neza. Shirako ivyandiko vyerekana ubwoko bw’imbuto wabitse. Ahantu hokubika imbuto hategerezwa kuba hashushe neza neza, humutse kandi haca akayaga gakwiye. Ushobora kubika ibiharage ukoresheje imifuko PCS ikingira ibungwe. Kubadashobora kuronka iyo mifuko ya PICS koreshe umuti bita Actellic super canke Fenitrothion ku rugero rw’amagarama 20-50 Kubiro ijana vy’ibiharage.